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Chinese Hackberry (Celtis sinensis)

The Chinese hackberry, scientifically known as Celtis sinensis, is a deciduous tree belonging to the hemp family (Cannabaceae). It is also commonly called Chinese elm, Chinese celtis, or Japanese Hackberry.

Taxonomy and Nomenclature

• Scientific Name: Celtis sinensis Pers.
• Family: Cannabaceae (Hemp Family)
• Synonyms: Celtis japonica Planch.
• Common Names: Chinese hackberry, Chinese elm, Chinese celtis, Japanese Hackberry, Hackberry

Distribution and Habitat

Celtis sinensis is native to slopes in East Asia, including China, Japan, and Korea. Hackberries in general are widespread in warm temperate regions of the Northern Hemisphere, including southern Europe and southern and eastern Asia.

Ecological Role

• The Chinese Hackberry can be an exotic invasive species, such as on the eastern coast of Australia.
• It is also an important pollen source for honey bees.

Morphological Characteristics and Growth Habits

• It is a deciduous tree that grows to a height and width of approximately 10 meters (32 feet).
• The leaves are smooth, sharply pointed, raindrop-shaped, and have a waxy top. The leaf edge is serrated in the upper half of the leaf, unlike some other Celtis species.
• The tree has smooth, sturdy bark.
• Some cultivars, like 'Green Cascade', have a pendulous growth habit.

Interactions with Other Organisms

• The Chinese hackberry is susceptible to infestation by the Asian woolly hackberry aphid (Shivaphis celti).
• The Yellow-billed Grosbeak (Eophona migratoria) has been observed on branches of Chinese Hackberry.