SafePlants

Hornwort: An Aquatic Oxygenator

Hornwort (Ceratophyllum demersum) is a popular submerged aquatic plant known for its oxygenating properties. It's commonly used in ponds and aquariums to help clarify water and support aquatic life.

Considerations for Pets

• The plant's feathery foliage may be appealing to some pets.

Considerations for Children

• Hornwort is commonly found in ponds, lakes, and aquariums, which may be accessible to children.

Scientific Classification and Nomenclature

• Scientific Name: Ceratophyllum demersum
• Common Names: Hornwort, Coontail, Rigid Hornwort
• Synonyms: Ceratophyllum apiculatum, Ceratophyllum submersum
• Family: Ceratophyllaceae
• Kingdom: Plantae
• Taxonomic Rank: Species

Distribution and Habitat

• Hornwort is a British native and is widespread.
• It can be found in still or slow-moving freshwater environments such as ponds, lakes, streams, and rivers.
• It has been specifically noted to be present in Iowa ponds and lakes.

Ecological Role

• Hornwort is an excellent oxygenating plant.
• It can help to clarify water and minimize algae growth.
• It can grow so thickly that it impedes boat traffic in some lakes.
• Rigid Hornwort (Ceratophyllum demersum) provides shelter for invertebrates and spawning areas for fish.

Morphological Characteristics and Growth Habits

• It has dark green, feathery foliage.
• The branching stems can reach up to 1 meter in length.
• It does not put down roots, but can be anchored or weighted down.
• It grows loose in the water.
• The plant can grow up to 50cm.
• Exposure: Full Sun

Interesting Characteristics

• Hornworts are bryophytes, specifically non-vascular plants.
• They are named for their "curious reproductive structures."
• Hornwort is an edible plant.

Similar Species

• Rigid Hornwort has thread-like leaves that divide no more than twice from their base.
• Soft Hornwort leaves divide 3-4 times.