SafePlants

Clitoria ternatea: Butterfly Pea and its Many Names

Clitoria ternatea, a member of the Fabaceae (pea) family, is widely known by several common names, including butterfly pea, blue pea, Cordofan pea, and Asian pigeonwings. This plant has a rich history and diverse uses across various cultures.

Taxonomy and Nomenclature

• Scientific Name: Clitoria ternatea
• Family: Fabaceae (Pea family)
• Common Names: Butterfly pea, blue pea, Cordofan pea, Asian pigeonwings, Anchan (Thailand), Honte (French), Blaue Klitorie (German), Clitoria-azul (Portuguese), Bunga Telang (Malay)
• Other Names: Kordofan pea (the Sudan), Campanilla (Panama), Zapatillo de la reina (El Salvador), Papito, Bejuco de conchitas (Puerto Rico)
• Varieties: Milgarra Pea

Distribution and Habitat

Native to Thailand, Clitoria ternatea is also found in other parts of the world, including Africa, Asia, and the Americas. It thrives in tropical climates and can be grown as a perennial in warm regions, while in colder climates, it is treated as an annual. Specific mentions include central Queensland in Australia, where it is managed as pasture.

Morphological Characteristics and Growth Habits

• Herbaceous vine
• Fast-growing tropical climber
• Produces a display of 5cm (2in) blue flowers
• Flowers shaped like a conch
• Can be used to climb a trellis or arbor
• For hay making, cut when 50-60 cm high before pods are formed, no lower than 7-10 cm to allow plants to regrow.

Uses and Cultural Significance

• Culinary Uses: The blue flowers are used as a natural food coloring in Southeast Asia, particularly in Malay cuisine. It is added to rice, tea, fruit juice, and cocktails. The Peranakans use it in confectioneries.
• Traditional Medicine: In Ayurveda, it is known as Shanka Pushi and used as a cognitive enhancer.
• Other Uses: Butterfly pea flowers can be used to create a natural dye.
• Forage: Utilized in livestock production.

Cultivation

• Provide midday and/or afternoon shade for the best foliage color. Too much shade may reduce flowering.
• Requires well-drained soil and regular watering, especially during dry periods.

Considerations for Pets

• The text mentions its use in livestock production as a forage, which could mean it's not inherently toxic. However, consult a veterinarian before allowing your pet to consume any part of the plant.

Quirky Facts

• Brewing butterfly pea flower tea is described as being "like seeing a glow stick turn from a boring translucent-gray."

Further Information

• Rareseeds: www.rareseeds.com