SafePlants

Ceratophyllum echinatum: Prickly and Spineless Hornwort

Ceratophyllum echinatum, also known as spineless hornwort and prickly hornwort, is an aquatic plant belonging to the family Ceratophyllaceae. Other common names include spiny hornwort, spring hornwort, and forked coontail. Note that coontail and hornwort are also used for other Ceratophyllum species, such as Ceratophyllum demersum.

Considerations for Pets

• This plant has stiff, segmented leaves.
• The common name "prickly hornwort" may imply the presence of spines or sharp edges.

Taxonomy and Nomenclature

• Scientific Name: Ceratophyllum echinatum A. Gray
• Family: Ceratophyllaceae
• Kingdom: Plantae
• Rank: Species
• Synonyms: Ceratophyllum muricatum Cham., Ceratophyllum muricatum Cham. subsp. australe (Griseb.) D.H. Les. Note that prickly hornwort (FNA Ed. Comm., in prep. j) is listed as a synonym in some references, while other resources treat C. muricatum as a distinct species.

Distribution and Habitat

• Ceratophyllum echinatum is found in freshwater environments such as lakes, ponds, marshes, and swamps.
• It is widespread in many places, including Maine and Maryland.
• This plant lacks true roots and grows best in quiet, soft water.
• It's part of the submersed plant community.
• Reported in Antarctica, Canada (British Columbia, Manitoba, New Brunswick).

Morphological Characteristics and Growth Habits

• Look for stiff, segmented leaves with toothless edges.
• It's a perennial herb.
• The plant can reach 20 cm high.
• It lacks true roots

Quirky Facts

• Despite one of its common names being "spineless hornwort", it is also referred to as "prickly hornwort," which seems contradictory.

Further Information

• Discover Life page about Ceratophyllum muricatum: Discover Life
• wisplants.uwsp.edu
• Maine Center for Invasive Aquatic Plants Virtual Herbarium Listing