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large toothwort
Scientific Name: Cardamine maxima
Family: Brassicaceae
Category: Dicot
Growth: Forb/herb
Duration: Perennial
Other Names: ME (large toothwort), NJ (large toothwort)
Large Toothwort (Cardamine maxima)
Cardamine maxima, commonly known as Large Toothwort, is a perennial herb found in specific regions of North America.
Considerations for Pets and Children
- The text mentions the presence of seeds and the plant's ability to spread, which could be a consideration for gardens frequented by pets or children.
Taxonomy and Nomenclature
- Scientific Name: Cardamine maxima (Nutt.) A.W. Wood
- Common Name: Large Toothwort
- Family: Brassicaceae (also known as Cruciferae or Mustard Family)
- Synonyms: Dentaria maxima (Nutt.) Wood
Distribution and Habitat
- Large Toothwort is an endemic species of northeastern North America.
- It is a rare native plant of rich, moist forests in New England.
- The range is centered in New York.
Morphological Characteristics
- Height: Typically grows to a height of 6-16 inches (approximately 15-40 cm).
- Flowers: White or pale purple flowers, blooming from April to May; flowers can reach up to 2.5 cm. Some mentions of violet-blue flowers.
- Leaves: Lance-shaped leaves, 4 to 10 cm in size.
- Growth Habit: Vigorous, spreading perennial.
Ecological Role
- Grows in moist, rich soil.
Interactions with Other Organisms
- The plant may be confused with Cardamine diphylla (Two-leaved Toothwort).
- Lathraea clandestina (Purple Toothwort) can be found growing near Black Walnut trees.
Further Information
- Information can be found at the Endangered Resources Program.
- The USDA-NRCS PLANTS Database provides additional resources.
- Brooklyn Botanic Garden New York Metropolitan Flora Project (NYMF) has photo pages.
- Discover Life provides information on biology, natural history, ecology, identification, and distribution.