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caloncoba

Scientific Name: Caloncoba

Family: Flacourtiaceae

Category: Dicot

Growth:

Duration:

Other Names:

       

Caloncoba Species

The genus Caloncoba, primarily found in Africa, presents a diverse array of species, showcasing the beauty and complexity of tropical flora. The bright white flowers of Caloncoba welwitschii, in particular, create a striking display in their natural habitat.

Considerations for Pets and Children

  • Some Caloncoba species are trees or shrubs reaching up to 20m in height.

Taxonomy and Nomenclature

  • Scientific Name: Caloncoba Gilg
  • Family: Achariaceae (formerly Flacourtiaceae)
  • Rank: Genus
  • Synonyms: Oncoba welwitschii (for Caloncoba welwitschii), Caloncoba dusenii is a synonym for Caloncoba glauca
  • Note: The text mentions both FLACTIACEAE and ACHARIACEAE as the family, reflecting a taxonomic change. The currently accepted family is Achariaceae.

Distribution and Habitat

  • The genus Caloncoba is found in both Africa and America.
  • Specific regions in Africa include Upper and Lower Guinea (from Ivory Coast to West Cameroon), the Democratic Republic of Congo, S-Nigeria, Cameroon, Equatorial Guinea, Central African Republic, Gabon, Congo, Angola, Tanzania, Malawi, and N-Mozambique.
  • Caloncoba echinata is found in Liberia.
  • The predominant habitat is forest.

Morphological Characteristics

  • Caloncoba echinata can grow as a tree or shrub, reaching up to 6 meters in height, and is heavily branched.
  • The leaves are oval, measuring 10-28 cm long and 8-20 cm wide, and are described as subcoriaceous with serrulate margins.

Chemical Constituents

  • Research has identified cycloartane-type triterpenoids, including glaucartanoic acids A and B, isolated from the fruits of Caloncoba species.
  • Dammarane and malabaricane triterpenes have also been isolated from Caloncoba echinata.
  • Lophocarpin and 21&#946-Hydroxylophocarpin have been isolated from Caloncoba lophocarpa.

Traditional Uses

  • The text refers to a report in Cameroon about the anti-leprosy properties of Caloncoba fruits. It is mentioned that they were prepared as Gorli oil.

Further Information

  • The PLANTS Database (version 4.0.4), National Plant Data Center, NRCS, and USDA.
  • Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew (K) Herbarium.
  • Germplasm Resources Information Network (GRIN), US Department of Agriculture Agricultural Research Service.
  • Tropicos database.
  • EOL (Encyclopedia of Life).
  • ResearchGate.