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Xanthoria parietina: The Common Orange Lichen

Xanthoria parietina, a vibrant and widespread lichen, graces various surfaces with its colorful presence. Often referred to as the common orange lichen, this species adds a splash of color to rocks, trees, and even coastal environments.

Considerations for Pets

• This lichen grows on rocks, concrete and trees.

Considerations for Children

• Pigments of orange, red, and brown lichens can be extracted by boiling and used to dye wool and other fibers.

Taxonomy and Nomenclature

• Scientific Name: Xanthoria parietina
• Common Names: Common orange lichen, yellow scale, maritime sunburst lichen, orange lichen, orange wall lichen, sunburst lichen, golden shield lichen, shore lichen
• Genus: Xanthoria
• Family: Teloschistaceae

Distribution and Habitat

• Xanthoria parietina boasts a wide distribution, thriving on rocks, concrete, and trees.
• It is often found near cattle farms due to its preference for ammonia-rich environments.
• This lichen also populates coastal rocks and mountainous areas.
• It can be found in locations such as New Zealand, the Western Isles, and along the coast.

Morphological Characteristics

• Xanthoria parietina is a foliose, or leafy, lichen that forms large, rounded patches reaching up to 10 cm across.
• Its thallus (body) ranges from yellowish-green to golden-yellow or orange, sometimes appearing grey in shaded areas.
• The lichen lacks isidia or soredia, and it typically features apothecia (fruiting bodies).
• The fruiting structure has a dark orange disc that is surrounded by a lighter edge.

Quirky Facts

• Orange lichens can identify hunting perches of birds.
• Color in lichens often varies with the amount of sun or rain.
• Orange or yellow lichens that grow in shade may appear green.

Interactions with Other Organisms

• The elegant sunburst lichen, Xanthoria elegans, demonstrates high tolerance.
• Xanthoria parietina may grow in profusion in seabird colonies.
• Lichens form a symbiotic association between a fungus and an alga.