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horsehair lichen
Scientific Name: Bryoria pseudofuscescens
Family: Parmeliaceae
Category: Lichen
Growth: Lichenous
Duration:
Other Names:
Horsehair Lichen (Bryoria spp.)
Horsehair lichen refers to several species of lichen, particularly those in the genus Bryoria. It is also sometimes referred to as black moss, black tree lichen, or edible horsehair lichen. Note that the common names may sometimes be used for specific species within the genus, such as Bryoria fremontii.
Considerations for Pets
- Horsehair lichens consist of intricately branched filaments that may resemble hair, which could be enticing for pets to ingest.
Considerations for Children
- Horsehair lichens consist of intricately branched filaments that may resemble hair, which could be enticing for children to ingest.
Taxonomy and Nomenclature
- Scientific Name: Bryoria (genus)
- Family: Parmeliaceae
- Kingdom: Fungi
- Synonyms/Alternative Names: Alectoria (sometimes used to refer to horsehair lichens), black moss, black tree lichen, edible horsehair lichen, tree hair lichen.
Distribution and Habitat
- Horsehair lichens have a widespread distribution, especially in boreal and cool temperate areas.
- They often hang from conifers and, less frequently, hardwoods.
- Specific locations mentioned include eastern Washington and the inland temperate rainforest.
Morphological Characteristics
- The thallus (body) consists of filaments resembling hair.
- The thallus can be pale gray to dark smoky brown, hanging in clumps.
- The slender strands contain long, narrow slits on the surface.
- Some species, like Bryoria furcellata (Burred Horsehair Lichen), have dark brown branches with short, pointed side branches.
Ecological Role
- Frequently grows in old-growth forest habitats.
- Observed growing on Ponderosa Pine with Wolf Lichen (Letharia vulpina).
Quirky Facts
- Some species, such as Bryoria fremontii, have been traditionally used as food by indigenous peoples, including the Kootenais, Salish, and Blackfeet.
Further Information
- Smithsonian Institution, National Museum of Natural History, Department of Botany.