SafePlants

Brachychiton: The Australian Bottletree Genus

Brachychiton is a genus of approximately 31 species of trees and large shrubs, primarily native to Australia. They are known for their diverse forms and adaptability to various environments.

Considerations for Pets

• Some Brachychiton species have woody fruits.

Considerations for Children

• Some Brachychiton species have woody fruits.

Nomenclature and Taxonomy

• Scientific Name: Brachychiton
• Common Names: Kurrajong, Bottletree
• Family: Malvaceae (formerly Sterculiaceae)
• The name Brachychiton is derived from the Greek words brachus (short) and chiton (tunic), referring to the coating of the seed.

Distribution and Habitat

• Native to Australia, with the center of diversity being in Australia (30 species). Also found in New Guinea.
• Species are found in a variety of habitats, from dry areas and rainforests to subtropical regions on the east coast of Australia.

Notable Species

• Brachychiton populneus (Kurrajong): A small to medium-sized tree native to eastern Australia. Formerly known as Sterculia diversifolia.
• Brachychiton acerifolius (Illawarra Flame Tree): A large tree native to subtropical regions on the east coast of Australia.
• Brachychiton discolor: A rainforest tree of eastern Australia.
• Brachychiton rupestris (Queensland Bottle Tree): A tree with a large swollen trunk, native to Queensland.

Morphological Characteristics

• Size: Ranging from small to large trees, some reaching up to 60 feet tall (Brachychiton rupestris).
• Form: Some species, like young Brachychiton, have a pyramidal shape that widens with age.
• Foliage: Typically dense and evergreen, though some species are semi-deciduous or deciduous.
• Flowers: Many species are known for their beautiful, bell-shaped flowers, often appearing in clusters during the summer. Colors range from salmon pink to red.
• Trunk: Some species, like Brachychiton rupestris, have a distinctive large, swollen trunk (pachycaul).

Ecological Role and Cultivation

• Many Brachychiton species are drought-tolerant and easy to cultivate.
• They are often used as shade trees and ornamentals in warm regions.

Quirky Facts

• Australia is home to 35+ species of Brachychiton, plus naturally occurring and horticulturally produced hybrids.
• Considered by many to be Australia's most spectacular group of flowering trees.