SafePlants

Bird's-Nest Fern

The term "Bird's-nest fern" is a common name applied to several related species of epiphytic ferns within the genus Asplenium.

Considerations for Pets

• One source mentions concern about cats potentially eating the plant.

Taxonomy and Nomenclature

• Scientific Name: Asplenium nidus (one of the most commonly referred to)
• Common Name: Bird's-nest fern
• Genus: Asplenium
• Family: Aspleniaceae or Polypodiaceae (sources vary)
• Synonyms/Related Species: Asplenium antiquum, Asplenium australasicum, Asplenium bulbiferum

Distribution and Habitat

• These ferns are native to tropical regions.
• They are epiphytic, meaning they grow on other plants (like trees) or even rocks.
• Specifically mentioned locations include Singapore (growing on wayside trees, particularly Rain Trees), Hawai'i (Big Island), Atherton Tableland, Far North Queensland, Australia, and the Old World.

Morphological Characteristics and Growth Habits

• Bird's-nest ferns grow in a tight, nest-like clump.
• They are fast-growing and long-lived with good care.
• The center of the plant resembles a bird's nest.
• They have flat, wavy, glossy, attractive leaves (fronds) that are not divided.
• Fronds grow in a rosette shape forming a "nest" in the center and are sometimes harvested for use in stir fry and other dishes.
• Fronds can grow up to a significant length.
• As the plant ages, the oldest, outer fronds may turn brown.

Ecological Role

• They trap falling twigs in their basket-shaped rosette of fronds.

Cultivation and Care

• Bird's-nest ferns are considered one of the easiest types of ferns to grow, making them popular houseplants.
• They thrive in partial shade or low to medium indirect light, near a sunny window but not exposed to direct sunlight.
• They prefer moderately bright light (diffused sunlight).
• They have lower humidity requirements than most ferns.
• They tolerate small pots and soil that's not soggy.

Quirky Facts

• In some aboriginal groups, Bird's Nest Fern is used in stir-fries.
• The basket-shaped rosette of fronds trap falling twigs, hence the name "litter-basket ferns."

Interactions with Other Organisms

• They can be susceptible to Bacteria Blight, which causes translucent spots on the leaves that enlarge and turn reddish-brown with purple halos.

Further Information

• MREC Home Page, CFREC-A Foliage Plant Research Note RH-91-7, University of Florida
• RHS (Royal Horticultural Society)
• HousePlant411.com
• Dave's Garden
• Philippine Herbal medicine - An illustrated compilation of Philippine medicinal plants by Dr Godofredo Stuart
• Chambers Wildlife Rainforest Lodge, Atherton Tableland, Far North Queensland, Australia.
• Monrovia