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Texas madrone

Scientific Name: Arbutus xalapensis

Family: Ericaceae

Category: Dicot

Growth: Tree

Duration: Perennial

Other Names:

       

Texas Madrone (Arbutus xalapensis)

The Texas Madrone, scientifically known as Arbutus xalapensis, is a captivating evergreen tree native to specific regions of Texas. It is also referred to as Naked Indian Tree or Texas Madroo.

Considerations for Pets

  • The Texas Madrone has exfoliating outer bark which can be a consideration for some pets.

Considerations for Children

  • The Texas Madrone has exfoliating outer bark which can be a consideration for some children.

Taxonomy and Nomenclature

  • Scientific Name: Arbutus xalapensis Kunth
  • Family: Ericaceae (Heather family)
  • Synonyms: Arbutus texana (previously classified)

Distribution and Habitat

  • The Texas Madrone is found in the Trans-Pecos region and areas of the Edwards Plateau in Texas.
  • It also grows in the Chisos Mountains, canyons, and mountainous regions of Texas.
  • It is an unusual sight in West Texas, including Guadalupe Mountains National Park and the Texas Hill Country.

Morphological Characteristics and Growth Habits

  • Typically multi-trunked, growing to a height of 20-30 feet.
  • It is an evergreen tree or a large shrub.
  • Distinctive for its colorful, exfoliating outer bark revealing polished, red inner bark.
  • Produces clusters of small, white, lantern-shaped flowers in early spring.
  • Slow growth rate.

Quirky Facts

  • The tree's bark peels, revealing a polished red inner bark, making it easily recognizable.
  • The tree puts forth its crop of berries and reaches the height of its beauty in the Fall.
  • Seeds of the Texas Madrone do not store well.

Further Information

  • Fact Sheet ST-84, November 1993, Edward F. Gilman and Dennis G. Watson.
  • EDIS (Electronic Data Information Sce of UF/IFAS Extension)
  • American Forests National Tree Register
  • Madrone Nursery offer over 300 species of seed-grown Texas native trees, shrubs, grasses, wildflowers, succulents, and vines.