SafePlants

Shell Lichen

The term "Shell Lichen" refers to various lichen species, with several genera falling under this common name.

Considerations for Pets

• Shell Lichens grow on various surfaces, including rocks and shells, and may sometimes be found in outdoor environments accessible to pets.

Scientific Classification and Nomenclature

• Kingdom: Fungi (in the case of Arthopyrenia malaccitula)
• Family: Arthopyreniaceae (for some species)
• Genera: Arthopyrenia
• Synonyms: The text mentions "s text" as a possible synonym, but this is likely a typographical error.

Distribution and Habitat

• Shell lichens are found in various environments, including marine and coastal areas.
• They can be found on shells of intertidal organisms.
• Specific locations mentioned include Allegany Co., Maryland, and the Scottish Highlands.

Morphological Characteristics and Growth Habits

• Shell lichens are described as "lichenous," indicating their growth habit as lichens.
• They are often small and shell-like in appearance.
• Some lichens form "protuberances" on snail shells.

Interactions with Other Organisms

• Snails graze on shell lichens and may incorporate them into their shells.
• Limpets are dome-shaped molluscs on whose shells the black lichen, *Verrucaria mucosa*, can often be seen growing.
• Coleoptera (beetles) shells can sometimes be found with lichen attached.

Resources and Further Information

• Wikimedia Commons hosts images of shell lichens.
• Garden Guides offers information on plants known as Shell Lichen.
• Maryland Biodiversity features photos and information on Salted Shell Lichen.
• www.sararegistry.gc.ca may contain further information (though this is in reference to "Similar Species," likely Coccocarpia palmicola, Salted Shell Lichen).

Quirky Facts

• Some snails actively "paint" their shells with lichens, creating a mucky cover.