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Arachis paraguariensis

Scientific Name: Arachis paraguariensis

Family: Fabaceae

Category: Dicot

Growth:

Duration:

Other Names:

       

Arachis paraguariensis

Arachis paraguariensis, a wild peanut species, has garnered scientific interest for its potential use in genetic improvement of cultivated peanuts and for studying flowering mechanisms. The plant was described by Robert Hippolyte Chodat and Emil Hassler in 1904, with the name considered validly published.

Taxonomy and Nomenclature

  • Scientific Name: Arachis paraguariensis Chodat & Hassl.
  • Family: Fabaceae (mentioned in connection with Encyclopedia of Life)
  • Rank: Species
  • Subspecies: Arachis paraguariensis subsp. capibarensis Krapov. & W. C. Greg., Arachis paraguariensis subsp. paraguariensis
  • Genus: Arachis L.

Distribution and Habitat

  • Accessions of Arachis paraguariensis have persisted for approximately 20 years in plots in Townsville, Australia, which has seasonally dry tropics.
  • The species originates from Brazil.

Ecological Role

  • Arachis paraguariensis synthesizes caffeoylquinic acids, which inhibit the growth of larvae of Spodoptera litura (tobacco cutworm) and Helicoverpa armigera (cotton bollworm), suggesting a defense mechanism against these insects.

Morphological Characteristics and Growth Habits

  • The plant has very high morphogenic potential.
  • It has limited rooting ability in vitro.

Genetic and Cytological Information

  • Research focuses on in vitro induction of tetraploids by treating diploid explants. This indicates ongoing work related to the plant's chromosome number and genetic manipulation.
  • It is identified as a tertiary genetic relative of peanut.

Interactions with Other Organisms

  • The plant exhibits resistance to Spodoptera litura (tobacco cutworm).
  • It contains caffeoylquinic acids that inhibit the growth of Helicoverpa armigera (cotton bollworm) larvae.

Further Information

  • Further information can be found by searching The Plant List, IPNI (International Plant Names Index), Australian Plant Name Index, and NYBG (New York Botanical Garden) Virtual Herbarium.
  • ResearchGate hosts publications about this plant.
  • GBIF (Global Biodiversity Information Facility) has data view on Arachis paraguariensis capibarensis.
  • Encyclopedia of Life has an entry for Arachis paraguariensis.