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arctic kidney lichen
Scientific Name: Nephroma arcticum
Family: Nephromataceae
Category: Lichen
Growth: Lichenous
Duration:
Other Names:
Arctic Kidney Lichen (Nephroma arcticum)
The Arctic kidney lichen, scientifically known as Nephroma arcticum, is a fascinating lichen species found in Arctic and alpine environments. Its unique characteristics and ecological role make it a subject of interest for botanists and nature enthusiasts alike.
Considerations for Pets
- Lichens, including Nephroma arcticum, can absorb substances directly from the air. This can include heavy metals like cadmium.
Considerations for Children
- Traditionally, the lichen has been used to make a medicinal tea.
Taxonomy and Nomenclature
- Scientific Name: Nephroma arcticum
- Common Names: Arctic Kidney Lichen, Green Kidney Lichen
- Authority: (L.) Torss.
- Family: Nephromataceae
- Taxon Version Key: NBNSYS0000164880
- Synonyms: Nephroma arcticum (L.) Torss.
- Other Languages:
- French: nphrome arctique
- Finnish: pohjankorvajkl
Distribution and Habitat
- The Arctic kidney lichen is found in Arctic and alpine regions.
- Specific locations mentioned include:
- Denali National Park (Thorofare Ridge, high northwest-facing slopes)
- Syte, Finland
- Abisko National Park, Sweden
- Lapland, Sweden
Morphological Characteristics
- The thallus (lichen body) is large and yellowish-green when dry, turning bright green when wet.
- It has broad, flat, gray bumps on the surface, which contain cyanobacteria.
- The lower surface is pale tan.
- It is a foliose lichen, meaning it is somewhat leaf-like and composed of lobes.
Ecological Role
- It serves as a food source in Arctic food webs, notably in Alaska's tundra and forest ecosystems.
- Caribou with a high dietary lichen component can accumulate higher levels of contaminants in their kidneys.
- It is found amongst tundra mosses.
- It often grows alongside reindeer lichen (Cladonia stellaris).
Quirky Facts
- Lichens can be thought of as fungi that have discovered "farming".
- Historically, a medicinal tea has been made from Nephroma arcticum and is believed to restore strength to weakened individuals.
Interactions with Other Organisms
- It interacts with cyanobacteria, which are contained in the gray bumps on its surface.
- It is eaten by caribou, influencing heavy metal levels in their organs.
Further Information
- USDA Plants Database: While a range map is not provided, the database lists general information.
- Wikimedia Commons: Features images, such as "Arctic Kidney Lichens Cephalodia (3815349887).jpg."