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Arisaema amurense
Scientific Name: Arisaema amurense
Family: Araceae
Category: Monocot
Growth:
Duration:
Other Names:
Arisaema amurense: A Botanical Profile
Arisaema amurense, commonly known as the Amur Cobra Lily or Jack-in-the-Pulpit, is a captivating perennial plant appreciated for its unique morphology and adaptability. This profile delves into its taxonomy, distribution, characteristics, and uses.
Considerations for Pets and Children
- Arisaema amurense is known in Korean folklore as a poisonous plant, with recognized lethal toxicity.
Taxonomy and Nomenclature
- Scientific Name: Arisaema amurense Maxim.
- Family: Araceae (Arum Family)
- Synonyms:
- Arisaema amurense f. denticulatum
- Arisaema amurense Maximowicz
- Arisaema amurense var. denticulatum Engl.
- Arisaema amurense Maximowicz, Mm. Acad. Imp. Sci. St.-Ptersbg Divers Savans. 9 Prim. Fl. Amur.: 264. 1859
- Taxonomic Rank: Subspecies (e.g., Arisaema amurense subsp. amurense, Arisaema amurense subsp. robustum)
Distribution and Habitat
- Arisaema amurense is native to Asia, including China, Korea, and Russia (specifically Manchuria and the Russian Far East).
- It is found in regions such as Arunachal Pradesh and Assam in eastern India.
Morphological Characteristics and Growth Habits
- Arisaema amurense is a perennial plant, growing to a height and spread of approximately 0.5 meters (1ft 8in).
- It thrives in light (sandy) and medium (loamy) soils with good drainage. Prefers cool, peaty soil.
- The plant produces green spathes, sometimes marked with purple/brown, often streaked with broad white stripes, typically in summer. Some varieties have light brown stripes.
- Leaves are palmate, typically with 5 to 11 elongate or elongate-lanceolate lobes and can be triple-divided, crisped edge leaves. Some varieties feature narrow leaf lobes.
- Leaf stalk reaches 30-60cm in height.
- The spathe is 9-12cm long and pale green.
- The flowering stem is 15-25 cm.
- Forms a fast-multiplying clump in woodland gardens.
Traditional and Medicinal Uses
- In Chinese herbal medicine, a preparation known as "Tian Nan Xing" derived from Arisaema amurense has been used for thousands of years.
Quirky Facts
- Arisaema amurense is considered the Asiatic counterpart to the North American Arisaema triphyllum (Jack-in-the-Pulpit), but with five leaflets instead of three.
- One source mentions it was misidentified for some years as triphyllum ssp. pusillum.
Phytochemistry
- Research has identified diacylglycerylgalactosides and cerebrosides as components of Arisaema amurense.
- Previously undescribed glycerols and glycerols were also isolated.
Further Information
- Additional information can be found through searches in IPNI (International Plant Names Index), the Australian Plant Name Index, the NYBG (New York Botanical Garden) Virtual Herbarium, and JSTOR Plant Science.
- Wikimedia Commons hosts images of Arisaema amurense.
- Discover Life offers a page about the biology, natural history, ecology, identification, and distribution of this plant.