SafePlants

Aquilegia formosa: Western Columbine

Aquilegia formosa, commonly known as crimson columbine, western columbine, scarlet columbine, or red columbine, is a captivating wildflower native to western North America.

Taxonomy and Nomenclature

• Scientific Name: Aquilegia formosa Fisch. ex DC.
• Common Names: Western columbine, Crimson columbine, Scarlet columbine, Red columbine, Sitka columbine, California Columbine
• Family: Ranunculaceae (Buttercup family)
• Genus Derivation: Aquilegia - water-drawing (from Latin)
• Species Derivation: formosa - beautiful, finely formed, handsome, fair having fine appearance/form (from Latin)

Considerations for Pets

• While no records of toxicity have been specifically seen for this species, it is worth noting that it belongs to the Ranunculaceae family, some members of which are known to contain compounds that can cause irritation if ingested.

Distribution and Habitat

• Aquilegia formosa is widespread in western North America, from coastal Alaska south through the Yukon Territory, British Columbia, and adjacent Alberta, extending to Washington, Oregon, Idaho, western Montana, Utah, and California, and even reaching Baja California, Mexico.
• It thrives in various environments, including coastal areas, forest glades, and open or shady sites. It prefers moist, well-drained soil but can also tolerate poor soil conditions.

Morphological Characteristics and Growth Habits

• This perennial typically grows to a height of 1 to 3 feet (approximately 30-90cm), averaging around 2 feet.
• It features medium-sized green leaves and distinctive nodding flowers with deep red petals and yellow centers. The flowers are about 2 inches long.
• The plant blooms from late spring well into summer, often from April to August, displaying its vibrant scarlet and yellow hues.

Ecological Role

• Aquilegia formosa attracts hummingbirds, bees, and butterflies with its nectar-filled spurs, playing a vital role in pollination.

Quirky Facts

• The Haida people of British Columbia refer to the columbine as the "red rain-flower".
• The name "columbine" originates from the Latin word "columba," meaning dove, because an upside-down columbine bloom resembles a circle of doves.