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anthoceros

Scientific Name: Anthoceros scarious

Family: Anthocerotaceae

Category: Hornwort

Growth: Nonvascular

Duration:

Other Names:

       

Anthoceros: A Global Genus of Hornworts

Anthoceros is a genus of hornworts belonging to the family Anthocerotaceae. The name Anthoceros translates to "flower horn," a reference to the distinctive horn-shaped sporophytes characteristic of all hornworts.

Considerations for Pets

  • The text mentions that Anthoceros species grow on moist soil, in ditches, and in rock crevices, habitats accessible to pets.
  • It has horn-like sporophytes.

Taxonomy and Nomenclature

  • Scientific Name: Anthoceros L. emend. Prosk.
  • Family: Anthocerotaceae
  • Kingdom: Plantae
  • Other Taxonomical ranks found: Division Anthocerotophyta, Class Anthocerotopsida, Order Anthocerotales
  • Synonyms/Alternative Names: The Plant List includes 166 scientific plant names of species rank for the genus Anthoceros, but only 6 are accepted species names.
  • Anthoceros fusiformis Austin

Distribution and Habitat

  • Anthoceros has a global distribution.
  • It typically grows on moist soil in shady places or in the crevices of rocks.
  • Species can also be found growing exposed to both sun and shade, including in ditches, terraces, and irrigated sites.
  • Central Mexico is home to six species of Anthoceros.

Morphological Characteristics

  • Hornworts get their name from their horn-shaped sporophytes.
  • Anthoceros agrestis has horn-like sporophytes.
  • Anthoceros punctatus has a frilly thallus.
  • The wall of mature spores consists of granules varying in size and shape.
  • The gametophyte thallus has elongating sporophytes.

Cytological Information

  • The sporophyte longitudinal section shows spores and spore tetrads with a central columella.

Interactions with Other Organisms

  • Anthoceros punctatus forms a symbiotic association with Nostoc spp.

Quirky Facts

  • The apical growth of Anthoceros is a topic of debate, with some suggesting it occurs via a single apical cell, while others propose a group of apical cells.
  • Some species of Anthoceros are unisexual, while others are bisexual.

Further Resources

  • The Plant List: Contains a large number of scientific plant names for the genus.
  • Royal Botanic Garden Edinburgh: Contains images of Anthoceros punctatus