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anthoceros
Scientific Name: Anthoceros punctatus
Family: Anthocerotaceae
Category: Hornwort
Growth: Nonvascular
Duration:
Other Names:
Anthoceros: A Global Genus of Hornworts
Anthoceros is a fascinating genus of hornworts belonging to the family Anthocerotaceae. These bryophytes are found across the globe, showcasing their adaptability to diverse environments.
Taxonomy and Nomenclature
- Scientific Name: Anthoceros
- Family: Anthocerotaceae
- Kingdom: Plantae
- Rank: Genus
The genus Anthoceros was established by Micheli in 1729. The Plant List includes 166 scientific plant names of species rank for the genus Anthoceros, with 6 currently accepted species names. Anthoceros fusiformis and Anthoceros macounii are mentioned as specific species.
- Synonym: Anthoceros fusiformis var. stomatifer
Common Names
- Hornwort
- Field Hornwort (specifically for Anthoceros agrestis)
- Dotted Hornwort (specifically for Anthoceros punctatus)
Distribution and Habitat
Anthoceros species have a worldwide distribution. They typically grow on moist soil, in shady places, or in the crevices of rocks. They can also be found on mineral soil, in ditches, on terraces, and in irrigated sites, often exposed to both sun and shade. Anthoceros agrestis, the field hornwort, thrives on damp soil in fields and ditches. Some species are also found in central Mexico.
Morphological Characteristics
The name "Anthoceros" means "flower horn" and refers to the characteristic horn-shaped sporophytes. The plant body is gametophytic, featuring a thallus.
- Anthoceros punctatus has a frilly thallus.
- Anthoceros agrestis has horn-like sporophytes.
Ecological Role and Interactions
Anthoceros punctatus forms symbiotic associations with Nostoc spp. Some studies have investigated the potential for arbuscular mycorrhiza-like symbioses between certain fungi and Anthoceros punctatus.
Considerations for Pets
- Anthoceros are commonly found on moist soil in gardens or ditches, so pets exploring these areas might encounter them.
Quirky Facts
- Some species of Anthoceros are unisexual, while others are bisexual.
Further Information
Additional information can be found at The Plant List and the Royal Botanic Garden Edinburgh.