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quina roja

Scientific Name: Antirhea obtusifolia

Family: Rubiaceae

Category: Dicot

Growth: Tree, Shrub

Duration: Perennial

Other Names:

       

Quina Roja (Cinchona pubescens and Cinchona succirubra)

Quina Roja, also known as Quina or Quinine, is a plant with a rich history of medicinal use, particularly in South America. Several species of Cinchona are referenced in the text, with particular emphasis on Cinchona pubescens and Cinchona succirubra.

Considerations for Pets and Children

  • The bark of the Quina Roja tree is used medicinally.
  • The plant contains alkaloids, including quinine and quinidine.

Taxonomy and Nomenclature

  • Scientific Name: Cinchona pubescens Vahl, 1790 and Cinchona succirubra Pavon
  • Family: Rubiaceae
  • Common Names: Quina, Quinine, Quina Roja (Spanish), Peruvian Bark, Jesuit's Bark, Fever Tree, Cascarilla
  • Synonyms: Cinchona calisaya, Cinchona carabayensis, Cinchona ledgeriana, Cinchona officinalis

Distribution and Habitat

  • Native to Ecuador, Colombia, Venezuela, and Peru.
  • Specifically mentioned regions include Loja (Ecuador), Quito (Ecuador), and the sub-Andean forests.

Morphological Characteristics

  • The plant is described as a tree.
  • It has long, narrow, and hairy leaves.
  • Its flowers are reddish.
  • The bark is grayish-brown and comes in rolled pieces of varying lengths.

Uses and Properties

  • Traditionally used for its medicinal properties.
  • It is considered a tonic, digestive aid, and febrifuge (fever reducer).
  • The bark is used to extract Quinine.
  • It is used for digestive ailments like gastritis, ulcers, and colitis.
  • Some sources indicate traditional use for hair care to strengthen weak or brittle hair.

Active Compounds

  • Contains tannins (3-10%) and alkaloids (15%).
  • Key alkaloids include quinine and quinidine.
  • Alkaloid content in Cinchona succirubra (Quina Roja) ranges from 4.5-8.5% of the total alkaloid composition.

Potential Contraindications

  • Contraindicated in cases of hypersensitivity to quinine or any of the plant's components.

Resources

  • The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species is mentioned, suggesting conservation concerns (UICN 2010.2).