SafePlants

Devil's Claw (Harpagophytum procumbens)

Devil's Claw, scientifically known as Harpagophytum procumbens, is a plant native to southern Africa. It is also known by other common names such as grapple plant and wood spider.

Considerations for Pets

• The plant's fruit has a hooked appearance, hence the name "hook plant."
• It produces spiny fruits, which may pose a hazard.

Taxonomy and Nomenclature

• Scientific Name: Harpagophytum procumbens
• Common Names: Devil's Claw, Grapple Plant, Wood Spider, Devil's Claw Root, Griffe du Diable (French)
• Genus: Harpagophytum
• Family: Pedaliaceae (Sesame family)
• Species: Includes at least two species, H. procumbens and H. zeyheri
• Synonyms/Related Taxa: Harpagophytum zeyheri subsp. zeyheri, Harpagophytum peglerae, Harpagophytum zeyheri subsp. sublobatum
• Nomenclature Notes:
  • The botanical name Harpagophytum is derived from the Greek word for "hook plant," referring to the appearance of its fruit.
  • The specific epithet procumbens means prostrate, describing the creeping stems of the plant.

Distribution and Habitat

• Native to southern Africa.
• Specifically found in regions such as the Kalahari Desert, Namibia, and South Africa.
• The genus Harpagophytum occurs between 15 and 30 degrees.

Morphological Characteristics and Growth Habits

• It is a herbaceous, winter-hardy plant.
• The main root penetrates vertically deep into the ground and has secondary tuberous roots.
• It features creeping stems.

Traditional Uses and Bioactive Compounds

• Traditionally used for musculoskeletal disorders, pain relief, and appetite stimulation.
• The roots were used by the natives of the desert of Kalahari.
• Approved as a nonprescription medicine by the German Commission E for relieving arthritis and lower back, knee, and hip pain.
• Major chemical constituents include iridoid glycosides (primarily harpagoside, harpagide, and procumbide), and sugars.