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dalbergia

Scientific Name: Dalbergia palauensis

Family: Fabaceae

Category: Dicot

Growth:

Duration:

Other Names:

       

Dalbergia: A Genus of Rosewoods and More

Dalbergia is a diverse genus encompassing a variety of trees, shrubs, and lianas, many of which are prized for their beautiful and valuable wood known as rosewood.

Considerations for Pets

  • Some rosewoods in the Dalbergia genus have been reported to cause allergic reactions, although severe reactions are uncommon.

Considerations for Children

  • Dalbergia armata (Doringtou) can be a robust shrub or climber, suggesting potential for sharp thorns or a climbing habit that could present minor physical hazards.

Taxonomy and Nomenclature

  • Scientific Name: Dalbergia
  • Family: Fabaceae (Pea Family)
  • Subfamily: Faboideae
  • Kingdom: Plantae
  • Synonyms:
    • Dalbergia emarginata (synonym of Dalbergia latifolia)

Common Names

  • North Indian Rosewood (for Dalbergia sissoo)
  • Sheesham (for Dalbergia sissoo)
  • Sisu (for Dalbergia sissoo)
  • Tahli (for Dalbergia sissoo)
  • Tali (for Dalbergia sissoo)
  • Irugudujava (for Dalbergia sissoo)
  • Indian Rosewood (for Dalbergia latifolia)
  • Honduran Rosewood (for Dalbergia stevensonii)
  • Common Rosewood (for Dalbergia stevensonii)
  • Brazilian Rosewood (for Dalbergia nigra)
  • Bahia Rosewood (for Dalbergia nigra)
  • Rio Rosewood (for Dalbergia nigra)
  • Jacarand da Bahia (for Dalbergia nigra)
  • Jacarand De Brazil (for Dalbergia nigra)
  • Piano wood (for Dalbergia nigra)
  • Caviuna (for Dalbergia nigra)
  • Obuina (for Dalbergia nigra)
  • Blink-Platboontjie (for Dalbergia nitidula)
  • Glossy Flat-Bean (for Dalbergia nitidula)
  • Glossy Flatbean (for Dalbergia nitidula)
  • Mathibathibane (for Dalbergia nitidula)
  • Doringtou (for Dalbergia armata)
  • Pallisander
  • Jacaranda
  • Yucatan Rosewood (for Dalbergia tucurensis)

Distribution and Habitat

  • The genus Dalbergia is found almost entirely in the tropics around the world.
  • Dalbergia sissoo is native to the Himalayan foothills in northern India and is widely planted in Asia, the subtropics, and the tropics.
  • Dalbergia latifolia is native to low-elevation tropical regions.
  • Dalbergia odorifera is endemic to Hainan, China, mostly distributed in west and southwest plains.

Ecological Role

  • Dalbergia sissoo is considered invasive in parts of Kenya and Tanzania. It can coppice and pollard freely and produces abundant root suckers, especially when the roots are injured.
  • Dalbergia sissoo's roots nodulate and fix nitrogen, contributing to soil fertility.

Morphological Characteristics

  • Dalbergia species range from small to medium-sized trees, shrubs, and lianas.
  • Dalbergia latifolia is predominantly a single-stemmed deciduous tree with a dome-shaped crown.
  • Dalbergia obovata is a robust shrub or climber with sweet-smelling flowers followed by yellow-green pods.
  • Dalbergia sissoo is a deciduous tree with an open, spreading crown reaching 15-35 meters in height.

Interactions with Other Organisms

  • Dalbergia sissoo is susceptible to wilt disease caused by Fusarium solani.

Quirky Facts

  • Both dalbergia sissoo and dalbergia odorifera wood are known as Jiang Xiang in traditional Chinese medicine because of their identical medicinal properties.
  • The African blackwood (Dalbergia melanoxylon) conceals one of the most sought-after and valuable heartwoods in the world.