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Dactylorhiza incarnata

Scientific Name: Dactylorhiza incarnata

Family: Orchidaceae

Category: Monocot

Growth:

Duration:

Other Names:

       

Early Marsh-Orchid (Dactylorhiza incarnata)

Dactylorhiza incarnata, commonly known as the early marsh-orchid, is a perennial orchid species found in temperate climates.

Considerations for Pets

  • This plant grows from a bulb.

Taxonomy and Nomenclature

  • Scientific Name: Dactylorhiza incarnata (L.) So
  • Common Names: Early Marsh-orchid, Northern Marsh Orchid, Spotted Orchid
  • Family: Orchidaceae (Orchid Family)
  • Synonyms:
    • Orchis incarnata L.
    • Orchis strictifolia Opitz
    • Dactylorhiza strictifolia (Opitz) Rauschert
    • Dactylorchis incarnata (L.) Verm.
    • Orchis angustifolia auct.
    • O. latifolia auct.
  • Subspecies:
    • Dactylorhiza incarnata subsp. pulchella (Druce) So
    • Dactylorhiza incarnata subsp. serotina (Hausskn.) So &amp D.M.Moore
    • Dactylorhiza incarnata subsp. ochroleuca (Wstnei ex Boll) P.F. Hunt & Summerh.
    • Dactylorhiza incarnata subsp. coccinea
    • Dactylorhiza incarnata subsp. gemmana (Pugsley) P.D. Sell
    • Dactylorhiza incarnata subsp. cruenta (O.F.Mll.) P.D.Sell

Distribution and Habitat

  • The early marsh-orchid is widespread throughout Britain, though its populations are declining.
  • It is generally found growing in wet meadows.
  • It also has a wide distribution in the Eurasian area, especially in central and northern Europe.
  • Specific locations mentioned include: Austria (Ennstal, Steinach), Germany (Virngrund), and the Netherlands (Noordduinen Katwijk aan).

Ecological Role

  • The plant's populations are declining due to wetland drainage and habitat destruction for agricultural purposes.

Morphological Characteristics

  • It is a bulb-forming plant that grows up to 0.3 meters (1 foot) tall.
  • It is a tuberous erect plant with 4 or 5 lanceolate, yellowish-green leaves that sheath the stem.
  • The stem is usually hollow.
  • The flowers are arranged in a dense, terminal spike.
  • Flowers are variable in color, but the shape of the lip is distinctive.
  • It is hardy to zone (UK) 7 and is not frost tender.
  • It flowers from June to July.

Interactions with Other Organisms

  • It can hybridize with the heath spotted-orchid (Dactylorhiza maculata) to form Dactylorhiza x carnea.
  • Some varieties are nectarless.