SafePlants

Curcuma: The Versatile Genus

The genus Curcuma, encompassing approximately 100 accepted species, belongs to the ginger family, Zingiberaceae. Well-known members include turmeric and Siam Tulip. Often referred to as "ginger" or "turmeric" plants, the name Curcuma is derived from the Arabic word "kurkum," which means saffron.

Considerations for Pets

• Curcuma plants are often sold as rooted plants or rhizomes, potentially posing a minor ingestion hazard for curious pets.

Considerations for Children

• Curcuma plants are often sold as rooted plants or rhizomes, potentially posing a minor ingestion hazard for curious children.

Taxonomy and Nomenclature

• Scientific Name: Curcuma L.
• Family: Zingiberaceae (Ginger family)
• Major Group: Angiosperms (Flowering plants)
• Type Species: Curcuma longa L.
• Synonyms:
  • Curcuma rotunda (Alternative Botanical Name for Curcuma longa)
  • Amomum curcuma
  • Curcuma domestica Valeton (Synonym for Curcuma longa)

Common Names

• Turmeric (most commonly associated with Curcuma longa)
• Jiang Huang
• Ukon
• Ginger Lily
• Hidden Cone Ginger
• Wild Turmeric (Curcuma aromatica)

Distribution and Habitat

Curcuma species are primarily native to tropical Asia. Curcuma aromatica (Wild Turmeric) is native to India and Sri Lanka. Curcuma pseudomontana is endemic to the Western and Eastern Ghats.

Morphological Characteristics and Growth Habits

Curcuma are herbaceous plants. Some varieties have tall, sturdy flower stems and luxurious flowers. They are described as long-blooming and heat-loving, suitable for outdoor growth.

Uses

• Turmeric (Curcuma longa) has been used traditionally for medicinal purposes for centuries.
• Curcuma aromatica (Wild Turmeric) has a history of use as an herbal cosmetic in South Asia and India.
• Turmeric (Curcuma longa) is used as a spice.

Quirky Facts

• Curcuma is used as a medicine more than as a spice.

Further Information

• Plant Delights Nursery: Offers various Curcuma species and cultivars for sale.