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fleshy hawthorn

Scientific Name: Crataegus succulenta

Family: Rosaceae

Category: Dicot

Growth: Tree, Shrub

Duration: Perennial

Other Names: IN (fleshy hawthorn), NJ (fleshy hawthorn)

       

Fleshy Hawthorn (Crataegus succulenta)

Crataegus succulenta, commonly known as fleshy hawthorn, succulent hawthorn, or round-fruited cockspurthorn, is a deciduous shrub or small tree belonging to the Rosaceae (Rose) family. This plant is known for its relatively large fruit and adaptability to various soil types.

Considerations for Pets and Children

  • Hawthorns, in general, are noted for being thorny. This species is no exception, and may pose a risk of puncture wounds.
  • The fleshy berries are attractive but might not be palatable or entirely safe for all pets or children.

Taxonomy and Nomenclature

  • Scientific Name: Crataegus succulenta Schrad. ex Link
  • Common Names: Fleshy Hawthorn, Succulent Hawthorn, Round-fruited Cockspurthorn
  • Family: Rosaceae (Rose family)
  • Kingdom: Plantae
  • Taxonomic Rank: Species, Variety (Crataegus succulenta var. succelenta)
  • Synonyms: Crataegus ambrosia, Crataegus ardula, Crataegus bicknellii, Crataegus celsa, and Crataegus macracantha (in part).
  • French Name: Aubpine succulente

Distribution and Habitat

  • Fleshy Hawthorn is found in North America, including New England states like Massachusetts and Vermont.
  • It is also found in Wisconsin, with known distribution records available.
  • This species can be found in Edmonton, Sherwood Park, Spruce Grove, and St. Albert in Alberta, Canada.
  • It often grows in dry gravelly sites, steep-walled canyons, and on the slopes and tops of ravines.

Morphological Characteristics

  • Crataegus succulenta is a deciduous shrub, typically growing up to 6 meters (approximately 19 feet 8 inches) tall, but can reach 15 feet in height.
  • The fruit is relatively large for a Crataegus species, measuring approximately 35mm.
  • The tree has a dense growth habit and hardwood trunks.
  • Flowers can be white, pink, or red, forming clusters.

Ecological Role

  • The fleshy berries are consumed by animals.

Soil and Growing Conditions

  • Suitable for light (sandy), medium (loamy), and heavy (clay) soils.
  • Prefers well-drained soil but can tolerate heavy clay soil.

Quirky Facts

  • The trunks resemble muscles.
  • Some people use the fruit to create jellies and jams.

Further Resources

  • Leafsnap (electronic field guide)
  • USDA-NRCS PLANTS Database
  • Robert W. Freckmann Herbarium, University of Wisconsin