SafePlants

Kauila: A Tree Steeped in Hawaiian History and Legend

Kauila refers to two species of trees endemic to Hawai'i, both belonging to the buckthorn family (Rhamnaceae). These are Alphitonia ponderosa and Colubrina oppositifolia. The name "kauila" itself carries significant cultural weight, deeply embedded in Hawaiian traditions and stories.

Considerations for Children

• The text references a Hawaiian legend where a turtle named Kauila watched over children playing on the shore. This might lead to associating the plant with children.

Nomenclature and Taxonomy

• Scientific Name: Alphitonia ponderosa (for one species) and Colubrina oppositifolia (for the other).
• Common Name: Kauila, Kauwila, O'a (Maui)
• Family: Rhamnaceae (Buckthorn Family)
• Status: Endemic to Hawai'i
• Synonyms or alternative scientific names are not provided in the text.

Distribution and Habitat

• Kauila trees are endemic to the Hawaiian Islands.
• Alphitonia ponderosa occurs in dry to mesic forests at elevations of 800-4000 ft on all of the main islands, but is now rare on all islands except Kaua'i.
• Colubrina oppositifolia is extremely rare and found only on the Big Island and O'ahu, growing on dry leeward slopes.

Morphological Characteristics and Uses

• Kauila is described as one of the hardest of all native woods.
• Historically, it was used in place of metal by early Hawaiians due to its density.

Quirky Facts

• Kauila wood is so dense that it sinks in water.
• Hawaiian legend tells of a mystical sea turtle named Kauila, born on the black sandy shores of Punalu'u.

Further Information

• The text mentions ARKive as a resource for Kauila photos and facts.