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summer coralroot

Scientific Name: Corallorhiza maculata var. maculata

Family: Orchidaceae

Category: Monocot

Growth: Forb/herb

Duration: Perennial

Other Names:

       

Spotted Coralroot (Corallorhiza maculata)

The Spotted Coralroot, scientifically known as Corallorhiza maculata, is a fascinating orchid native to North America. It is a perennial herb recognized for its unique characteristics and ecological adaptations.

Common Names

  • Spotted Coralroot
  • Summer Coralroot
  • Speckled Coral Root
  • Large Coral Root
  • Many-flowered Coralroot
  • Western Coralroot
  • Pacific Coralroot

Taxonomy and Nomenclature

  • Scientific Name: Corallorhiza maculata (Raf.) Raf.
  • Family: Orchidaceae (Orchid family)
  • Kingdom: Plantae
  • Taxonomic Rank: Species
  • Synonym: Corallorrhiza maculata (Raf.) Raf.
  • Subspecies: var. maculata
  • Alternative Spelling: Corallorihiza Maculata

Considerations for Pets

  • The provided text mentions the presence of fungal partners.

Distribution and Habitat

Corallorhiza maculata is found across much of the United States and Canada. While orchids aren't commonly associated with deserts, this species can be found in such environments.

Morphological Characteristics and Growth Habits

  • Corallorhiza maculata is a perennial plant, growing up to 0.5 meters (1ft 8in) in height.
  • It blooms from June to August.
  • It is a leafless, chlorophyll-less orchid, meaning it lacks green leaves and does not produce its own food through photosynthesis.
  • The flowers are hermaphrodite, possessing both male and female reproductive parts.
  • The plant features a raceme of irregular flowers.

Ecological Role

  • Corallorhiza maculata is mycotrophic, relying on specific fungi for its nutritional needs. These fungal partners obtain energy from decomposing matter, which is then transferred to the orchid.

Quirky Facts

  • This orchid thrives without chlorophyll, an unusual adaptation for a plant.

Traditional Uses

  • Historically, the Navajo, Kayenta used an infusion of this plant as a lotion for ringworm or skin diseases.

Further Information

  • USDA Plants Database: http://plants.usda.gov/java/profile?symbol=coma4
  • EOL (Encyclopedia of Life): http://eol.org/pages/1092008
  • Dave's Garden
  • Discover Life
  • USDA-NRCS PLANTS Database