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cup lichen

Scientific Name: Cladonia squamosa

Family: Cladoniaceae

Category: Lichen

Growth: Lichenous

Duration:

Other Names:

       

Cladonia: The Fascinating Cup Lichen

Cladonia, often referred to as cup lichen, is a captivating genus of moss-like lichens belonging to the family Cladoniaceae. These lichens are known for their distinctive cup-shaped structures and play significant ecological roles.

Considerations for Pets

  • Some species may have structures resembling miniature golf tees (podetia) which could be tempting for pets to nibble on.

Common Names

  • Cup Lichen
  • Pixie Cup Lichen
  • Pyxie Cup Lichen
  • Elf Cup Lichen
  • Trumpet Lichen
  • British Soldier Lichen (Cladonia cristatella)
  • Pityrea Lichen (Cladonia pityrea)
  • False Pixie Cup Lichen

Taxonomy and Nomenclature

  • Genus: Cladonia
  • Family: Cladoniaceae
  • Species Examples: Cladonia asahinae, Cladonia pyxidata, Cladonia borealis, Cladonia fimbriata, Cladonia chlorophaea, Cladonia coccifera, Cladonia monomorpha, Cladonia pocillum, Cladonia bellidiflora, Cladonia cristatella, Cladonia macilenta
  • Synonyms: Cladonia pyxidata var. pocillum

Distribution and Habitat

  • Cladonia lichens are found in various environments, including forests, woodlands, and subalpine sites.
  • They thrive on poor soils, fallen logs, mosses, and at the base of trees.
  • Specific locations mentioned include the Olympic Peninsula, Columbia River Gorge (Eagle Creek Trail), and the Pocono Mountains.
  • Boreal lichens occur across the boreal forest.

Morphological Characteristics and Growth Habits

  • Cladonia species exhibit diverse forms, often described as moss-like.
  • They are characterized by cup-shaped structures (podetia) that can be funnel-shaped, tapering towards the base.
  • Some species have upright fruiting stalks.
  • The podetia may be covered with corticate granules or soredia.
  • Pixie cup lichens are typically small, with cups around 1/2 inch high.
  • They can appear greenish-grey.

Ecological Role

  • Cladonia lichens serve as a primary food source for reindeer and caribou.
  • They form symbiotic relationships with algae.

Quirky Facts

  • Some find their shapes resemble "Shrek's Ears" or miniature golf tees.
  • Historically, when boiled with milk or syrup, they have been used as a remedy for whooping cough and chest ailments.