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reindeer lichen
Scientific Name: Cladina mitis
Family: Cladoniaceae
Category: Lichen
Growth: Lichenous
Duration:
Other Names:
Reindeer Lichen (Cladonia rangiferina)
The Reindeer Lichen, scientifically known as Cladonia rangiferina, is a fascinating organism commonly referred to as Reindeer Moss or Caribou Moss. Despite the common name, it is not a moss but a lichen.
Considerations for Pets
- The text mentions that reindeer lichen is a primary food source for reindeer, caribou, and moose. This suggests it's palatable to some animals.
- The "antler-looking tips" of the lichen may be tempting for animals to chew on.
Considerations for Children
- The "antler-looking tips" may be tempting for children to play with or put in their mouths.
Taxonomy and Nomenclature
- Scientific Name: Cladonia rangiferina
- Family: Cladoniaceae
- Genus: Cladonia, Cladina (Nyl.) Nyl.
- Common Names: Reindeer Lichen, Reindeer Moss, Caribou Moss, Reindeer Moss Lichen, Deer Moss
- Similar Species: Tree Reindeer Lichen (Cladonia arbuscula)
- Note: Some classifications use Cladina rangiferina as the scientific name.
Distribution and Habitat
- Reindeer lichens are found in extremely cold, northernmost regions of the globe, including Arctic and some north temperate regions.
- They grow in dense mats, covering the ground like a carpet, often found on moors and heathland.
- Specific locations mentioned include Alaska, Canada, and the northern United States. The text also mentions its presence in central Florida, specifically referencing Cladonia evansii and Cladonia subtenuis as common "reindeer mosses" found there.
Morphological Characteristics and Growth Habits
- It is a light-colored, fruticose (shrub-like) lichen.
- It features a bushy, branched structure resembling reindeer antlers when viewed closely.
- Grows up to 8 cm (3 in.) high.
- The "antlers" consist of hollow tubes.
- When wet, it is soft and pliable; when dry, it is wiry.
- It frequently grows in dense mats that vary in thickness.
Ecological Role
- Reindeer lichen is a primary food source for reindeer (caribou), moose and other wildlife, especially in northern regions.
- It consists of two different species living in symbiosis: a fungus and alga (or cyanobacterium).
Quirky Facts
- Despite being called "Reindeer Moss," it's actually a lichen, not a moss. Lichens are described as fungi that have "discovered agriculture" due to their symbiotic relationship with algae.
- In Scandinavia, it has been used in the manufacture of alcohol.
- Deep-fried reindeer lichen with mushroom powder is served as a dish at Noma, a restaurant in Copenhagen.
Interactions with Other Organisms
- It is a symbiotic organism consisting of a fungus and unicellular algae.
- It serves as a food source for various animals, including reindeer, caribou, and moose.
Further Information
- ARKive (for photos and facts)
- Article by Tom Volk on Reindeer Moss and lichens in general.
- iDigBio and the Working group ARPO (Augmented Reality for Public Outreach) for Lichen card content.