SafePlants

Cinchona: The Source of Quinine

Cinchona is a genus of flowering plants belonging to the Rubiaceae family, known primarily for its medicinal bark. The bark is a source of quinine and other alkaloids.

Considerations for Pets

• The text mentions that the bark is used for medicinal purposes. While not explicitly stated, it's important to be aware that ingestion of medicinal plants could potentially pose a risk to pets. Consult with a veterinarian before introducing cinchona into an environment accessible to pets.

Considerations for Children

• The plant's medicinal properties, specifically the bark, are mentioned. It's important to supervise children around cinchona plants and ensure they do not ingest any parts of the plant.

Nomenclature and Taxonomy

• Scientific Name: Cinchona
• Family: Rubiaceae (Madder family)
• Synonyms mentioned: Cinchona ledgeriana, Cinchona carabayensis, Cinchona officinalis, Cinchona succirubra
• Examples of Specific Species: Cinchona calisaya, Cinchona pubescens, Cinchona officinalis, Cinchona ledgeriana, Cinchona succirubra

Distribution and Habitat

• Native to the tropical Andean forests of South America and the mountains of southern Central America.
• Historically cultivated in Java, India, and Ceylon (now Sri Lanka).

Morphological Characteristics

• Trees or shrubs ranging from 15-20 meters in height.
• Produces white, pink, or yellow flowers that are aromatic and clustered together.
• Some species have large, glossy leaves.

Traditional and Medicinal Uses

• Historically used to treat fever and malaria.
• Bark yields medicinal alkaloids, including quinine.
• Also used for appetite loss and other ailments.

Quirky Facts

• The history of cinchona bark spans over 350 years and has influenced pharmacy, botany, medicine, and trade.

Resources

• WebMD provides patient medical information for Cinchona.
• Encyclopedia.com offers facts and articles about Cinchona.
• The NaturMedisinsk Museum houses a collection of approximately 200 cinchona bark samples.